SCRT Team Blog – Orange Cyberdefense Switzerland's technical blog

Reinventing PowerShell in C/C++

I like PowerShell, I like it a lot! I like its versatility, its ease of use, its integration with the Windows operating system, but it also has a few features, such as AMSI, CLM, and other logging capabilities, that slow it down. You know, I’m thinking about the performance gain here. I believe my scripts could run a lot faster without them.

Jokes aside, I know that a lot has already been done around this subject, but I wanted to approach the problem in a slightly different way than the existing projects. So, I worked on a way to instantiate a full-blown PowerShell console using only native code, which allowed me to do some “cleaning” at the same time.

Attacking Cortex XDR from an unprivileged user perspective

In late 2023, we launched a new form of service where multiple customers could co-fund research time on a given product they are all using. The goal of the Co-funded research is to find vulnerabilities and possible weaknesses within the product that could impact not only our customers’ security, but anyone using the product. The discovered vulnerabilities are then reported to the editor of the solution and temporary mitigation options or IOCs are provided to the customers’ who funded the research.

In this context, we put some effort into the analysis of Cortex XDR and identified some interesting findings.

This blog post details two vulnerabilities (CVE-2024-5907 and CVE-2024-9469) that have now been fixed by Palo Alto and which could at the time be exploited by a low privileged user.

This research on Cortex XDR was performed by Florian Audon (@Nodauf) and Romain Melchiorre (@PMa1n).

Arbitrary web root file read in Sitecore before v10.4.0 rev. 010422

As part of our continuous pentesting offering, we try to identify solutions used by multiple clients to guide our research efforts to deliver the greatest impact. That is why, recently, we spent some time searching for vulnerabilities within Sitecore to find what we initially thought to be a 0-day, but ended up having been already patched some time earlier.

Exploiting KsecDD through Server Silos

Earlier this year, an intriguing admin-to-kernel technique was published by @floesen_ in the form of a proof-of-concept (PoC) on GitHub. The author mentioned a strong limitation involving LSASS and Server Silos, without providing much details about it. This piqued our interest, so we decided to give it a second look…

Privilege escalation through TPM Sniffing when BitLocker PIN is enabled

This blog post offers additional insights following the presentation delivered at the Swiss Cyber Storm conference in Bern on October 22, 2024.

Getting code execution on Veeam through CVE-2023-27532

While several blog posts have shown how to retrieve credentials through this vulnerability, we decided to dig deeper and see whether it was possible to execute arbitrary code through this issue.

Ghost in the PPL Part 3: LSASS Memory Dump

Following my failed attempt to achieve arbitrary code execution within a protected LSASS process using the BYOVDLL technique and an N-day exploit in the KeyIso service, I took a step back, and ~~reconsidered my life choices~~ opted for a less ambitious solution: a (not so) simple memory dump. After all, when it comes to LSASS, we are mostly interested in extracting credentials stored in memory.

Ghost in the PPL Part 2: From BYOVDLL to Arbitrary Code Execution in LSASS

In the previous part, I showed how a technique called “Bring Your Own Vulnerable DLL” (BYOVDLL) could be used to reintroduce known vulnerabilities in LSASS, even when it’s protected. In this second part, I’m going to discuss the strategies I considered and explored to improve my proof-of-concept, and hopefully achieve arbitrary code execution.

Ghost in the PPL Part 1: BYOVDLL

In this series of blog posts, I will explore yet another avenue for bypassing LSA Protection in Userland. I will also detail the biggest challenges I faced while developing a proof-of-concept, and discuss some novel techniques and tricks to load an arbitrary DLL in LSASS, or even dump its memory.